How Gangs And Their Social Meshwork - 1661 Words

When examining and analyzing gangs and their social meshwork, it is without a doubt that gangs are seen by the majority as social pests in the community. As a whole, these numerous gangs throughout the country are more than just a bunch of criminals covered in tattoos, they are people, with feelings, who just need positivity in their lives. Most gang members, living in impoverish conditions, grew up in households were they were abused, unloved, and neglected. They grow up with no positive social support and become accustom to violence and negativity. More often than not, these children grow up in family’s were gang life is the only life they know, because their family members are gang members as well. They witness domestic abuse, and disarray, and a large majority grow up in households were a father figure is nowhere to be found. Mostly raised by single mothers, these children become hyper-masculine, and feel the need to make up for not having a father, and also because gang l ife is masculinized by violence and gang-banging. They come to believe that violence is normal and all of this creates a domino effect of involvement into gang life. With no social support, and no clear direction, children take it amongst themselves to find a connection with anyone willing to show them some sort of family structure. Impressionable children find themselves turning to gang life as a means to have that sense of family they never had. In a gang they feel that they are protected and feel in

The Bombing Of Hiroshima And Nagasaki - 1593 Words

Bombing of Hiroshima On August 8th 1945 the first atomic weapon, a fission bomb, was dropped on the city of Hiroshima in an attempt to force the Japanese to surrender in World War II (Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 2009). This event exposed the danger of nuclear energy. This massive explosion demolished 90 percent of the city and immediately killed 80,000 people. This was only the beginning though, tens of thousands of innocent people died due to the aftermath of radiation exposure for another generation (Rosenberg, n.d). This day marks one of the most controversial in history. While some argue that Truman’s decision to drop the bomb was in America’s best interest, others question the ethics of dropping the most destructive weapon in the history of war on a city filled with innocent civilians (Pavlik 1995). In 1939, President Franklin D. Roosevelt received a letter from Albert Einstein. In this letter, Einstein outlined a new field of physics in which the element u ranium could undergo nuclear fission, releasing an incredible amount of energy (Katayma, n.d). Einstein stressed the military importance of this new field of study, as Germany seemed to be on the verge of similar discoveries. He described the probability that a sustained nuclear reaction could be produced and the possibility of the construction of extremely powerful bombs (The Manhattan Project, 2014). Upon hearing this information, Roosevelt created a committee of American scientists to secretlyShow MoreRelatedThe Bombing Of Hiroshima And Nagasaki1720 Words   |  7 PagesPart A: Plan of Investigation To what extent did the bomb that was dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan justified? The Manhattan project was the reason the bomb, ‘Little Boy’ and ‘Fat Man’ were dropped in Japan. The Manhattan project was created because America was frightened, that Germany was already creating nuclear bombs. (http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/bombing-of-hiroshima-and-nagasaki) So, America started the project in 1949. The reason Japan became the target was because, JapanRead MoreHiroshima And Nagasaki Bombing Of Hiroshima1206 Words   |  5 PagesWar Two Hiroshima and Nagasaki Bombing The Bombing In 1945, the US dropped 2 atomic bombs on the cities Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan, causing hundreds of thousands civilian deaths. Some people say that this act helped to end the world war and save more lives, but others think that it was not needed and wasn t the cause of the Japanese surrender. Sequence of Events 5th August 1945 President gives approval to use bombs 6th August 1945 Bombing of Hiroshima 9th August 1945 Bombing of Nagasaki 15th AugustRead MoreThe Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki700 Words   |  3 PagesThe Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki The United States was completely unjustified in dropping the atomic bomb because it was used so we could have a sense of â€Å"power† over the rest of the world. President Harry Truman had paid no heed to his prior statements as to the intended use of the bomb; and not only had it violated the Hague Convention, but it also caused lifelong repercussions for Japan’s land and people. The United States, nearly 70 years later, has yet to apologize to the victims orRead MoreThe Bombing Of Hiroshima And Nagasaki1902 Words   |  8 Pages Hiroshima and Nagasaki altered the course of world events by starting the Cold War, ushering advancements in technology, and by influencing cultures worldwide. Occurring on August 6 and August 9 in 1945, the bombing of the cities set of a series of events that would forever change history. The United States and the Soviet Union emerged from the war as superpowers with seemingly limitless power. Their ideologies, however, contrasted greatly, and the once allied nations would turn against each otherRead MoreThe Bombing Of Hiroshima And Nagasaki1474 Words   |  6 PagesNuclear Paper: The Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki World War Two is arguably the most famous war in world history. It is remembered as a very tragic and influential historical event across the globe. Many countries joined the war at different times, but the general start date has been narrowed to the period of time between 1931 and 1939. The war was primarily between two main powers; the Axis nations, consisting of Nazi Germany, Italy, and Japan, and the Allied nations, led by Britain and CommonwealthRead MoreThe Bombing Of Hiroshima And Nagasaki1165 Words   |  5 Pagesnot entered the war at the time. It wasn’t until after the bombing of Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 that the U.S. had officially declared war on Germany and Japan. After Germany had agreed to an unconditional surrender, therefore ending the war in Europe, the U.S. was still at war with Japan and the U.S, hesitant to risk more American lives, made the difficult decision to drop the atomic bomb over Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Both bombings resulted in the in stant deaths of about 135,000 people andRead MoreThe Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki888 Words   |  4 PagesThe Bombing of Hiroshima Nagasaki Would you kill a thousand to save millions? Well the drastic actions taken by the United States did save millions. There were two actions that had to occur to save the millions and end the war, the dropping of the two atomic bombs being the first of their kind were to be the most powerful bomb ever invented using atomic and nuclear forces so create it and packed over 20,000 tons of TNT and was about ten feet long. The bomber that transported and dropped themRead MoreThe Bombing Of Hiroshima And Nagasaki1051 Words   |  5 PagesThe bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki is one of the most talked about events in human history. It was the first and last time an atomic bomb was used in the history of the world. The bombing did not only mark the end of a battle with the Japanese but provided humanity a first-hand preview into the effects of the man-made device. Since the bombing there have been many discussions such as: who should possess such power, will mankind be the reason for its own d emise, and why did America decide to useRead MoreThe Bombing Of Hiroshima And Nagasaki1559 Words   |  7 Pagesalready been devastated by airstrikes. It was hoped that the bombing of Hiroshima with an atomic weapon would cause Japan to finally surrender unconditionally. That did not happen. Three days later on Aug 9, 1945 Nagasaki was bombed with the second atomic bomb. Japan surrendered unconditionally Aug 14, 1945. The United States had already been bombing Japan for years with a net effect worse than the outcome of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, but Japan did not show any signs of surrendering. Why did theRead MoreThe Bombing Of Hiroshima And Nagasaki1174 Words   |  5 PagesMorality of The Bombings in Hiroshima and Nagasaki There have been various arguments regarding the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki that continually surface as to whether it was necessary or morally right to drop the atomic bomb on Japan. Depending upon whose side of the argument you have heard causes one to question whether this was a morally right or wrong decision that was made. Serious reconciliation is needed due to this event, and both sides of the argument need to be strongly considered

The Effect of Osmosis on Potato Cells free essay sample

In this experiment I am going to investigate the effect of varying concentration of a differing glucose solution on the amount of osmotic activity, between the solution and a potato tuber of a given size. The purpose of this experiment is to demonstrate how living cells rely on osmosis, the diffusion of water. Osmosis is the movement of water molecules (H20) from a region in which they are highly concentrated to a region in which they are less concentrated. This movement must take place across a partially permeable membrane such as a cell wall, which lets smaller molecules, such as water, through but does not allow bigger molecules, such as glucose, to do so. The molecules will continue to diffuse until the area in which they are found reaches a state of equilibrium, meaning that the molecules are randomly distributed throughout an object, with no area having a higher or lower concentration than another. Investigation – Preliminary Experiment Strategy In my preliminary experiment I am going to be seeing how potato tubers react when placed in of 0m (distilled water) 0. 5m and 1m (glucose solution). I am doing this to gain some knowledge about how the potato tubers will be affected; so when I do my main experiment I will have basic knowledge on what will happen, this means I will be able to spot outliers more easily and learn from any mistakes which may have been made in the preliminary. Molar = (m) Mass/weight = (g) Depending on certain factors the osmotic activity between the potato tuber and glucose solution will either increase, decrease, or unaffect the mass of the potato, such as – whether the sugar to water ratio inside the potato and outside of the potato differ or not. Variables that could affect the amount of osmotic activity include factors such as: o Temperature Cells move quicker at higher temperatures, therefore the higher the temperature the higher the rate of osmosis. o Variety of Potato Different varieties of potatoes may vary in the quantity of water and/or glucose inside them. The more solution there is the larger quantity the glucose has to equalize over. o Pressure Areas of different pressure have different water potentials. o Surface area The larger the surface area, the more water can be absorbed into the cells, therefore altering the rate of osmosis. All of these factors will affect the experiment due to the nature of the potato cells, but the only variable I will be changing is the concentration of the glucose solution. Reliability Fair testing is essential in all investigations. If this experiment is not a fair test, i will obtain incorrect results, which could lead us to the wrong conclusions as they are not providing a true representation of the data at hand. Prediction My prediction is that when the potato tubers are put into the distilled water, it will increase in mass; I believe this because there are more water molecules in the water than there is in the potato cells, the water molecules will move by osmosis into the potato cells through the partially permeable membrane to create equilibrium. This means that the mass of the potato piece will increase and the potato will feel turgid. When the potato tubers are put into a high concentrated glucose solution there are more water molecules in the potato cells then in the solution; therefore the water molecules move by osmosis from the potato into the highly concentrated solution. This means that the mass of the potato tuber will decrease, and its appearance will be flaccid. The stronger the concentration of the glucose solution the more it will decrease in mass. Collecting Data Plan For this experiment I am choosing a set size for the potato tuber to be 3cm. This will ensure that it is a fair test throughout. I have also made sure that the first solution is distilled water, the second a concentration of 0. 5m and the third and final solution 1m. A potato tuber will be left in each solution for a period of 24 hours, I repeated each concentration twice times to try and get consistent results for each one. I will then work out an average of these three times, this helps to get as accurate results as possible. Results I created a graph compiled of all the evidence in the tables in a concentration (m) and mass change % (g) comparison. I have done a line graph as I believe this is the best way to portray my results accurately and clearly. Note: The graph and table have been attached overleaf. Interpreting Data Evaluating Evidence I believe that the experiment was successful as the results were as expected and were all in a similar range of one another; from looking at my graphs I can see that changing the concentration of the glucose solution affects the potato in differing ways according to the strength of the solution. The potato tuber in the 0m solution (distilled water) reacted as I expected it to, its mass increased as the concentration of glucose inside of the potato was greater than on the outside, thus the water entered the potato to try and create equilibrium. In the experiment with 0. 5m glucose solution, the mass of the potato decreased by a substantial amount, the average percentage change was -9. 53%; considering it wasn’t an extremely strong solution, it is a useful and unexpected result. The potato tuber that was placed in the glucose solution with a concentration of 1m lost even more mass than the 0. m solution; this was to be expected. The average mass change percentage was -17. 28%. This is a good result because the average of 1m is almost double the average of 0. 5m, this helps to show that the results are reliable as they follow the pattern they are expected to take. My graph and table were quite conclusive as they seemed to follow extremely closely to the line of best fit; the aero-bars are very close to the average which makes me believe that the experiment was accurate and reliable as the results are all very similar and follow the predicted ‘route’. Conclusion The potato tuber in the distilled water was the only one to gain in mass. This is because the potato became turgid as it soaked up the water molecules, by osmosis. The others decreased in mass. This is because the concentration of the solution was higher than the concentration of glucose inside the potato, this made them contract and shrink; whereas if the concentration of the solution had been lower, they would have expanded. Evaluation Generally, I think my results obtained were fairly accurate. From my preliminary test I have learnt that the three solutions were not enough, so I decided to have 6 solutions instead. This would make the graphs clearer and easier to notice any trends or patterns. During my preliminary test I also found that leaving the potato tuber in the test tube for 24 hours was not long enough to ensure that the process of osmosis was complete. So for my actual investigation I have decided to keep them in for four days, this would give the potato tuber enough time to complete osmosis as best it can achieve; it would also give me a bigger range between each result recorded. Investigation – Main Experiment Strategy Depending on certain factors the osmotic activity between the potato tuber and glucose solution will either increase, decrease, or unaffect the mass of the potato, such as – whether the sugar to water ratio inside the potato and outside of the potato differ or not. Molar = (m) Mass/weight = (g) Variables that will affect the amount of osmotic activity include factors such as: o Temperature Cells perform quicker at higher temperatures, therefore the higher the temperature the higher the rate of osmosis. Variety of Potato Different varieties of potatoes may vary in the quantity of water and/or glucose in them. o Volume of Glucose Solution The more solution there is the more the glucose has to equalize over. o Pressure Areas of different pressure have different water potentials. o Surface area The larger the surface area, the more water can be absorbed into the cells, therefore altering the rate of osmosis. All of these factors will affect the experiment due to the nature of the potato cells. The only variable I will be changing is the concentration of the glucose solution. Equipment ? ‘Number 5’ Cork Borer I decided to use this particular cork borer because it was a good size for the experiment, it wasn’t too large or too small. I needed a medium sized cork borer to allow sufficient osmotic activity to take place and for the changes in weight and length to be measured accurately. ? Potatoes of the same breed and age A reactant. The potatoes need to be the same breed and of a similar age because if a potato is old compared to another its water content could be lower.

THE ROUND RIVER Essay Example For Students

THE ROUND RIVER Essay In the essay the Round River Aldo Leopold was trying to say many different ideas that related together in the fight for nature preservation and restoration. One of Aldo Leopolds main points in his essay was that we as humans can not replace, rebuild nature. So before it goes to far, and gets to destroyed we must restore it. As people though we can only do so much and we cant restore it with foreign plants, but only the natural plants that originated there. So if we destroy an areas ecosystem then we can never restore, and replenish it to its original state and land consistency. In his essay Leopold said that we have radically modified the biotic system because we had to. Food chains now begin with corn, and alfalfa instead of oaks and bluestem, flows through cows, hogs, and poultry instead of into elk, deer, and grouse. Therefore we can never restore damage done but only reroute it. Another point in his essay is that all land is one mechanism and if you damage one part then you inter n damage or affect another part. So we cannot fully preserve land because our scientists cannot recognize all of the earths mechanisms. For instance if you kill the wolves then the rabbit and deerpopulation may rise without as high of predation. We will write a custom essay on THE ROUND RIVER specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Another major point in his essay is that if we are going to prevent a species from extinction we must do it everywhere not just in one specific place. The worlds whale population is not going to rise if only the United States bans whale hunting. And if we dont enforce poaching laws and regulations. This also refers to if you tamper with one organism you affect a lot more. If we kill all the whales not only can we not use them but larger sea predators like sharks cant either. So they will be forced to feed on smaller sea life and then damage our sea food supply by eating other fish that we eat. So we as a whole must conserve on our supplies of natural objects with our exponentially growing population. We are also over concerned with now compared to the future which I believe to be more important . The world is to caught up in todays tinkerings to think about the end effects. Leopold stated that with each substitution of a tame plant or animal for a wild one, or an artificial waterway for a natural one is accompanied by a readjustment in the circulating system of the land. We do not foresee or understand these things unless it affects us . The essay has defiantly stood the test of time well, or why else would I have to read and write about it now? All of his major points in the essay have proved themselves true and are still being referred to by scientists and naturalists today. Bibliography:

Buddhism Essays (1164 words) - Indian Religions, Buddhism, Religion

Buddhism Buddhism has a very long drawn out origination starting in about 565 B.C. with the birth of Siddhartha Gautama. The religion has guide lines in two forms in which Buddhist followers must follow the "Four Noble Truths" and the "Eightfold Path" There are many aspects of this religion that can be explored but the one that is most interesting seems to be it origination and it's beliefs. In about 565 B.C. Siddhartha Gautama was born, a young Indian prince born to the ruler of a small kingdom that is now known as Nepal. Gautama's birth is described as a miraculous event, his birth being the result of his mother's impregnation by a sacred white elephant that touched her left side with a lotus flower. The scriptures claim that when Gautama was born ?"immeasurable light spread through ten thousand worlds; the blind recovering their sight, as if from desire to see his glory" After birth the future Buddha (Gautama) supposedly talked and walked while lotus leafs formed in his footprints. Gautama's father was said to have been told his son's destiny for greatness, either as an emperor or as a religious leader. Therefore Gautama's father decided to isolate his son from the outside world, where he might "see how the other half lived" and maybe even be tempted to belong to a different religion. ?pg 141 "What man Believes" Evans, Allan E., Moynes, Riley E., Martinello, Larry Since the complete seclusion as Gautama's father had wished was impossible and Gautama was a curious young man he did venture out and that is when he eventually say the four sights, which would, if experienced as it had been told to Gautama's father, lead the young prince to a religious life. These sights or as how Buddhist refer to them "The Four Signs" were in turn, a sick man covered with terrible sores, an old man, a corpse, and a wandering monk. The sightings of these men made Gautama think of the suffering and inevitable death which comes to all people great and small. This brought further questioning such as the meaning of life and the ultimate fate of man. As time passed these thoughts became great burdens upon Gautama and he increasingly became dissatisfied with the shallow dissolute life of the royal court in which he lived. Therefore at the age of 21, although married with a beautiful young son and also the heir to a very rich throne he forsook it all and became a travelling holy man. After a while of travelling as a holy man there was a great even that transformed Gautama into the Buddha (or the Enlightened One). It all began at dusk on Gautama's thirty-fifth birthday. While sitting under a tree it is said that he thought a break through was obvious and here again is where the legend takes over. It says that the evil one, Mara tempests him with beautiful Goddesses and attacked him with tempests, flaming rocks and other devices, all of which Gautama blocked himself from. Eventually at dawn Gautama finally realized the essential truth about life and about the path to salvation. Because of this Gautama then became the Buddha and remained this spot for many days while remaining in a trance-like state for many weeks. This experience made Gautama feel a desire to share his knowledge with others and he did so very well, as a preacher and a teacher until his death in about 483 B.C. Buddhism is a lot like other Indian religions based upon the beliefs. Such as the beliefs in reincarnation, dharma, karma and Nirvana. But mostly in Raja Yoga the profound meditation which holds the key to enlightment and therefore to the salvation of Nirvana. Buddha himself expressed the base of his beliefs when he said ?"I teach only 2 things, O disciples, the fact of suffering and the possibility of escape from suffering. These ideas are expanded upon in the "Four Noble Truths" and the "Eightfold Path". The "Four Noble Truths" can be summarized by saying, life is suffering (dukkha), the cause of suffering is desire (tanha) the way to end suffering is to overcome desire, and to overcome desire on must follow the "Eightfold Path" Buddha taught that man is a slave to his ego . That man wishes happiness, security, success, long life, and many other things for himself and his loved ones. However, pain, frustration, sickness and death are all inevitable and the only way to eliminate these evils is to overcome desire. The "Eight Fold Path" is a

Pension Plans in the United States After Retirement

Pension Plans in the United States After Retirement Pension plans are one of the key methods to successfully saving for retirement in the United States, and though the government does not require businesses to provide such plans to its employees, it does offer generous tax breaks to companies that establish and contribute to pensions for their employees. In recent years, defined contribution plans and Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs) have become the norm in terms of small businesses, self-employed individuals, and freelance workers. These monthly set amounts, which may or may not be matched by the employer, are self-managed by the employees in their personal savings accounts. The primary method of regulating pension plans in the United States, though, comes from its Social Security program, which benefits anyone who retires after the age of 65, depending on how much one invests over the course of his or her life. Federal agencies ensure that these benefits are met by every employer in the U.S. Are Businesses Required to Offer Pension Plans? There are no laws that require businesses to offer their employees pension plans, however, pensions are regulated by several governing agencies in the United States, which largely helps define what benefits larger businesses must offer their employees - like health care coverage. The  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹Department of State  website details that the federal governments tax collection agency, the Internal Revenue Service, sets most rules governing pension plans, and a Labor Department agency regulates plans to prevent abuses. Another federal agency, the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation, ensures retiree benefits under traditional private pensions; a series of laws enacted in the 1980s and 1990s boosted premium payments for this insurance and stiffened requirements holding employers responsible for keeping their plans financially healthy. Still, the Social Security program is the greatest way in which the United States government requires businesses to offer their employees long-term pensions options - a just reward for working a full career before retirement. Federal Employee Benefits: Social Security Employees of the  federal government- including  members  of the military and civil service as well as disabled  war  veterans- are offered several types of pension plans, but the most important government-run program is Social Security, which is available after a person retires at or above the age of 65. Although run by the Social Security Administration, the funds for this program come from payroll taxes paid by both employees and employers. In recent years, however, it has come under scrutiny as the benefits received upon retirement  only cover a portion of the income needs of its recipient. Especially because of the retirement of many of the post-war  baby-boom generation early in the 21st century, politicians feared the government wouldnt be able to pay all its obligations without increasing taxes or decreasing benefits for retirees. Managing Defined Contribution Plans and IRAs In recent years, many companies have switched over to what is known as defined contribution plans wherein the employee is given a set amount as part of their salary and is thus tasked with managing their own personal retirement account. In this type of pension plan, the company is not required to contribute to the savings fund of its employee, but many choose to do so based on the result of the employees contract negotiation. In any case, the employee is responsible for managing his or her salary allotment intended for retirement savings. Although it is not difficult to set up a retirement fund with a bank in an Individual Retirement Account (IRA), it can be daunting for self-employed and freelance workers to actually manage their investments into a savings account. Unfortunately, the amount of money these individuals have available at retirement entirely depends on how they invest their own earnings.

Answer three essay questions from the text Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Answer three questions from the text - Essay Example of labor, and systems of distribution; in order to prove these theses, let us cite specific examples to illustrate the most relevant points of the paper. Thus, technology in the Euro-American world is a crucial concept, because it signifies a set of instruments for classifying things. Furthermore, division of labor could be applied properly in terms of technology, as a main factor of its developing, according to Marx (Lenkeit, p. 96). Moreover, systems of distribution differ from West to East, because in the West market goods are widely produced and distributed, whereas in the East only some religious and moral ideas and principle are reproduced predominantly. Unlikely, subsistence is the ground for both division of labor and systems of distribution in the scientific philosophy and cultural anthropology. Illustrating the most relevant points of the sub-chapter, it can be said that technology, subsistence, division of labor, and systems of distribution are extremely vital regarding compare and contrast foragers in two different parts of the world. In this sub-chapter we will critically discuss the problems associated with using Euro-American constructs about sexual orientation to describe the behaviors and attitudes of the other cultures; accordingly, we will point out areas where problems could arise, offering solutions towards understanding. Thus, there are some Euro-American constructs about sexual orientation, especially in psychoanalysis: drive; passion, and compensation (Lenkeit, p. 95). Initially, Freudian theory of sexual drives is extremely important in terms of sexual orientation, because it is relevant for describing why sexes are so significant for each other. Then, passion is a way of how drives realize each other. Moreover, compensation or sublimation is a most vital scientific method in psychoanalysis which suggests why sexual orientation occurred and why sometimes it is converted into creative activities (Lenkeit, p. 38). In this sub-chapter we